Training on Production Process and Technological Process of Precision Machining
In order to better serve customers and further improve our production capacity, we provide training to our employees on production and process flow
1、 The production process and technological process
1. Production process
The process of transforming raw materials into products is called the production process, which mainly includes the transportation of raw materials, storage of raw materials, preparation work before production, pre-processing of raw materials, mechanical processing, surface treatment, assembly, testing, debugging, oxidation prevention treatment, and product packaging;
The production process can also be divided into the production process of the entire machinery or the production process of a single component, whether it is a coordinated production process of the entire factory or a single workshop production process;
2. Process flow
In the specific process of production, the process of directly changing the shape and size of raw materials to the required relative position and properties of the product, making it a finished or semi-finished product, is called the process flow. The process flow is a very important component of the production process, and the main part of the production process of mechanical processing manufacturers is called the mechanical processing process flow. The main part of the production process of assembly workshops is called the assembly process flow;
2、 What are the components of the machining process flow
1. Establishment of processing procedures
The processing procedure refers to the process in which one or more parts are continuously processed by an operator or a group of operators at a fixed work location or on a fixed processing machinery. The processing procedure is the basic component of the mechanical processing circuit and the basic unit for arranging production plans;
2. Installation
The part of the process completed by a workpiece or assembly unit after one clamping is called the installation process. Sometimes, in the same process, the workpiece may need to be installed multiple times to achieve the final goal; It should be noted that during the processing, the number of installations should be minimized as much as possible to reduce installation errors and save more auxiliary time;
3. Working steps
The part of the process that is continuously completed on the machining surface of the part, the tools required for machining, and the constant speed and feed rate is called the work step, which is the basic unit that constitutes the process;
4. Workstation
In order to complete a certain process, after a clamping, the workpiece and the movable part of the fixture and equipment are positioned relative to the fixed part of the tool and equipment at each position. For example, using a dividing head to mill a hexagonal body, each rotation is a workstation;
5. Walking knife
In the same step, if the machining amount is relatively large, the same tool needs to be used to perform multiple cuts on the same machining surface at the same speed following the given amount, with each cut being one tool feed;
3、 The program of production and the types of production
1. Outline of Production
Enterprises should pay attention to the production volume and progress plan of products within the plan, which is the definition of the production plan. The quantity manufactured by the company in a year can also be called the annual production plan or annual output. The production plan has a decisive impact on the production process and management of the factory. When preparing the mechanical processing process flow of parts, it is also necessary to determine the production plan of components. The production plan of components is calculated according to the following formula:
N=Nn(1+α+β)
In this formula, if N is equal to 0, it represents the production plan for 0 workpieces
N represents the production plan of the product
N represents the quantity of this component in each product;
α represents the spare parts rate of the component;
β represents the average scrap rate of parts;
2. Type of production
According to the nature of the product, such as its size, processing difficulty, required accessories, and different production guidelines, mechanical manufacturing production is generally divided into three types based on the degree of specialization of the enterprise's production:
A、 Individual production (also known as prototype or sampling in enterprises)
The manufacturing of individual components with little or no repetition is called single piece production, such as parts needed for large-scale equipment in the research and development stage, parts needed for unmanned aerial vehicle research and development stage, parts needed for robot research and development stage, and prototype parts after process improvement;
B、 Batch production (divided into small-scale production, medium scale trial production, and large-scale production)
Batch production can be understood literally, which refers to the repeated production of batches within a cycle. The quantity of the same part and product input or output in each batch is called batch production. Batch production is divided into small batch, medium batch, or large batch production according to the characteristics of the product and the size of the part
C、 Mass production
The manufacturing quantity of the same component product is very large, and most workplaces often repeat the processing of a certain process of a certain part, which is called mass production. For example, some national standard products, screws, nuts, and bolts are all mass produced;
The type of production also needs to be determined based on the annual output of processing the same type of parts. In addition, multiple factors such as the weight of the parts, the difficulty of processing, and the labor intensity of processing need to be considered.